NLD Says 'No' to Election
By Taunggyi Time သတင္း
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By THE IRRAWADDY Monday, March 29, 2010
Burma's main opposition party, the National League for Democracy (NLD), on Monday decided against registering for the general election this year, a party spokesman told The Irrawaddy.
“Without any objections, all the party leaders reached a consensus not to register the party and join the election because the junta's election laws are unjust,” said senior party official Khin Maung Swe who attended the meeting at the party's Rangoon headquarters. “We also agreed to call for the release of Aung San Suu Kyi and all other political prisoners.”
Members of the detained pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy gather at Rangoon's headquarters before its central committee meeting on March 29. (Photo: AP)
Party officials said that the lawyer of detained leader Suu Kyi read out a message from Suu Kyi to the party leaders at the meeting and said that “Daw Suu could not accept the party registering under the unjust laws, but she said that neither she nor anyone else owns the party. Therefore, the party members have to make the decision by themselves democratically.”
The party's 92-year-old party chairman, Aung Shwe, who recently voiced support for the party registering and taking part in the election, did not join in the meeting, but instead sent a letter stating that he would follow Suu Kyi's decision, according to the party spokesman.
Nearly 160 party representatives from across the country gathered at the party's headquarters to take part in the meeting. The discussion mainly heard the views of the party's central committee members. Reportedly, only one of them voiced the opinion that a political party “cannot be involved in politics without existing.”
“U Tin Wai from Kachin State expressed his opinion on party registration, but accepted the majority decision,” said Ohn Kyaing, a party official. The election laws prohibit parties from having members who are currently in detention, so a decision to register would have forced Suu Kyi out of the party.
About 50 party members wearing white T-shirts bearing a slogan saying “No” gathered in front of the party compound. Female party members were also reportedly holding a large green gourd presented to them by Suu Kyi last Tuesday through her lawyer. The word “No” is said to have been written on the gourd.
Although security was heightened with four riot police trucks deployed near the party headquarters, there were no reports of harassment of NLD leaders by the authorities.
Before the meeting, several township representatives and party youth leaders declared that they will stand by Suu Kyi's stance against registration, claiming that they can still struggle for democratic rights without a political party.
The party decision would appear to ensure that the NLD will cease to exist as a legal entity as of the May 7 deadline for party registration, according to the election law.
Many observers are currently speculating what will become of the party after it ceases to be a valid political entity, and what kind of action the regime will take against the NLD's leadership and its party members.
A political analyst in Rangoon, said that what the NLD does after May 7 would depend on the wit and wisdom of the party leaders at the local level.
Reuters correspondent Martin Perry said, “The boycott, however, could backfire and marginalize the NLD, possibly leading to its dissolution. Its credibility as a pro-democracy force will be questioned now it has spurned the chance to be part of a political transition that the junta itself says will be lengthy and challenging.”
Perry said that the decision of the NLD “came as a disappointment to the international community, which has long painted Suu Kyi and the NLD as the people's choice and the best hope for a democratic Myanmar [Burma].”
In Suu Kyi's statement, she said that the party will not come to an end, and she also relayed a message to the Burmese people saying that she will continue her efforts for democracy.
Last week, Suu Kyi reportedly told her lawyers that if the imprisoned former student leader Min Ko Naing could fight for democracy in Burma without a political “signpost,” she could do the same.
Charismatic Min Ko Naing and several student activists of the 88 Generation Students group were arrested in 2007 and sentenced to lengthy prison terms.
The election laws bar more than 2,000 political prisoners from taking part in the election which junta chief Snr-Gen Than Shwe described as “the very beginning of the process of fostering democracy” in his speech on Armed Forces Day in Naypyidaw on Saturday.
No date has been announced for the upcoming election, which critics have called a sham designed to keep the military in power through the facade of an elected government.
The NLD won a landslide victory in Burma's last election in 1990, but the results were never honored by the regime. Party leader Suu Kyi is currently serving an 18-month term of house arrest. With her sentence due to expire in November, Suu Kyi would not be released before the polls expected in October.
http://www.irrawadd y.org/highlight. php?art_id= 18143&page=2
NLD Says 'No' to Election
US won't accept legitimacy of Myanmar's elections
Washington - The United States will not recognize the outcome of Myanmar's elections scheduled for later this year because of new laws that ban political prisoners and the country's leading democratic activist from participating, the US State Department said Wednesday. The military junta that runs Myanmar, published a law on Wednesday that stated 2,000 imprisoned dissidents cannot participate, effectively sidelining jailed activist Aung San Suu Kyi, the leader of the National League for Democracy.
"We made clear that, given the tenor of the election laws that they have put forward, there's no hope that this election will be credible," State Department spokesman PJ Crowley said, adding the laws make the election a "mockery of the democratic process."
The regime has yet to announce a date for the election, the last of which took place 20 years ago before the military junta seized power and began rounding up democratic activists. Suu Kyi has been in prison or under house arrest for years.
http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/show/313477,us-wont-accept-legitimacy-of-myanmars-elections.html
The United States has applied sanctions to Myanmar to keep pressure on the regime for democratic reforms, and the Obama administration had reached out to Myanmar hoping to encourage change. But those efforts do not appear to be working.
"Our engagement with Burma will have to continue until we can make clear that the results thus far are not what we had expected and that they are going to have to do better," Crowley said.
Copyright DPA
Read more: http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/show/313477,us-wont-accept-legitimacy-of-myanmars-elections.html#ixzz0hsW9mRk4
ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲ ဝင္ေရး မဝင္ေရး၊ အထ အထုိင္
http://www.irrawaddy.org/bur/index.php/articles/2-articles/2712-2010-03-04-07-42-11
ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲ ဝင္ေရး မဝင္ေရး၊ အထ အထုိင္
Thursday, 04 March 2010 14:40 ခက္ထန္
ယခုႏွစ္တြင္ ျဖစ္ေပၚလာမည္ဟု ဆုိသည့္ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲ အတြက္ အနည္းဆံုး ရွိသင့္ ရွိသင့္ထိုက္ေသာ ျပင္ဆင္ခြင့္ ျပဳရမည့္ အခ်ိန္မွာ အနည္း ငယ္သာ က်န္ေတာ့သည္။ ထိုအခ်က္ကပင္ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲ၏ ျဖစ္လာလတၱံ႔ေသာ သရုပ္သကန္ကို ေဖာ္ျပေနသေယာင္ ရွိသည္။ သို႔ေသာ္ ဤအေျခအေနမွာပင္ ကြဲျပားျခားနားေသာ အထိုင္ေပၚမွေန၍ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲသို႔ ဝင္ေရး၊ မဝင္ေရး ဘက္ႏွစ္ဘက္မွာလည္း အေၾကာင္းျပခ်က္ ကိုယ္စီျဖင့္ ျပင္ဆင္ေနၾကသည္။ အျပန္အလွန္ ေဝဖန္ ေစာေၾကာေနၾကသည္။ မည္သို႔ေသာ အေျခခံ ကြဲျပားခ်က္ေပၚမွ ျပင္ဆင္ၾကသနည္းဟု သံုးသပ္ၾကည့္ရန္ ရွိသည္။
ထိုင္းႏိုင္ငံ၊ ခ်င္းမုိင္ၿမိဳ႕တြင္ ယခင္တပတ္က ၇ ႀကိမ္ေျမာက္ ျမန္မာ သတင္းသမဂၢ ညီလာခံ က်င္းပရာ ၂၀၁၀ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲ ဝင္ေရး မဝင္ေရးႏွင့္ ပတ္သက္သည့္ ေဆြးေႏြးပြဲ တခု ပါဝင္ခဲ့ျပီး အၾကိတ္ အနယ္ ရွိခဲ့သည္။ ဝင္ေရး ဘက္တြင္ မၾကာေသးမီက ေပၚေပါက္ လာသည့္ ဒီမိုရက္တစ္ ပါတီမွ ဦးသုေဝႏွင့္ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံရွိ NGO တခုမွ ေဒါက္တာ ခင္ေဇာ္ဝင္းတို႔က ရပ္တည္ ေျပာဆိုခဲ့ ၾကၿပီး မဝင္ေရး ဘက္တြင္ ျပည္ပ အေျခစုိက္ ျပည္ေထာင္စု ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံ အမ်ိဳးသား ေကာင္စီ (NCUB) မွ ဦးေမာင္ေမာင္က ေျပာဆိုသည္။ ယင္းသို႔ ဝင္ေရး မဝင္ေရး ဘက္ ႏွစ္ဘက္ အျပင္ နယ္ပယ္ မ်ိဳးစံုမွ လာေသာ ပရိသတ္မ်ား၏ ေမးခြန္းမ်ား၊ ေဝဖန္မႈမ်ား၊ စကားစစ္ထိုး မႈမ်ားသည္ အနည္းႏွင့္ အမ်ားဆိုသလို ျမန္မာ့ႏိုင္ငံေရး ဝန္းက်င္၏ စရိုက္ လကၡဏာကို ေရာင္ျပန္ဟပ္ ေဖာ္ျပေန သေယာင္ ရွိသည္။
ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲ ဝင္ေရး၊ အထ
ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲဝင္ေရးဆိုရာ၌ ျပည္တြင္းႏိုင္ငံေရးအင္အားစုတခ်ိဳ႕၏ ေျခလွမ္းကို ဆိုလိုပါသည္။ အစဥ္အလာ ရွိခဲ့သည့္ ဝါရင့္ ႏိုင္ငံေရးသမား တခ်ိဳ႕၊ ယင္းတို႔၏ ပါတီမ်ား၊ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲကို ထြက္ေပါက္ဟု သေဘာထား ေပၚလြင္စြာ ေဖာ္ျပလာေသာ ျပည္တြင္း မီဒီယာမ်ားဟု ထည့္သြင္း ေရတြက္ႏိုင္သည္။ သူတို႔အဖို႔ ကာလရွည္ၾကာစြာ မလူးမလြန္႔သာသည့္ အေနအထားမွ ေရြ႕လ်ား လိုလာေသာ သေဘာကို ထင္ဟပ္သည္။ လႈပ္ရွားစရာ 'ခြင္' မရွိသည့္ အခ်ိန္တြင္ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲကို ေကာက္ရိုးတမွ်င္ အျဖစ္ ယူဆလာသည္။ လႊတ္ေတာ္တြင္ အလုိအေလ်ာက္ ေနရာရမည့္ တပ္မေတာ္သား ကုိယ္စားလွယ္ ၂၅ ရာခိုင္ႏႈန္း ဟူေသာ ျပဌာန္းခ်က္ျဖင့္ ခ်ည္တုပ္ထားသည့္တိုင္ လတ္တေလာတြင္ ေဘာင္အတြင္းမွ လႈပ္ၾကည့္ၾကမည့္၊ လႊတ္ေတာ္ကိုလည္း 'စင္' တခု အျဖစ္ ျမင္ေယာင္ၾကည့္ေနၾကသည့္ သေဘာကို ေတြ႔ရသည္။
ဝင္ေရးဘက္မွ ရပ္တည္ ေျပာဆိုရန္ ညီလာခံ တက္ေရာက္လာသည့္ွ ဦးသုေဝႏွင့္ ေဒါက္တာခင္ေဇာ္ဝင္းတို႔က အထက္ပါ အတိုင္းပင္ ရည္ညႊန္း ေျပာဆိုခဲ့ၾကသည္။ စစ္တပ္သည္ ၂၀၀၈ ဖဲြ႔စည္းအုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ပုံ အေျခခံ ဥပေဒကို အကာအကြယ္ယူ၍ တပ္ဆုတ္သည္ဟု ဦးသုေဝက ယူဆသလို၊ ႏုိင္ငံေရးသမားမ်ား မလႈပ္ဘဲေနၾကလွ်င္ ျမန္မာျပည္ အေျခအေန ပိုဆိုးသြားမည္ ဟုလည္း ေဒါက္တာခင္ေဇာ္ဝင္းက ေထာက္ျပသည္။ သူတို႔က ေရြ႕လ်ားမရသည့္ အေနအထားတြင္ စစ္အစုိးရ ဖြင့္ေပးလာသည့္ ကန္႔သတ္ခ်က္ လမ္းေၾကာင္းအတြင္းမွ ေမွ်ာလိုက္ၾကည့္ၾကမည္ဟု သေဘာရသည္။
ဤ ဝင္ေရးဘက္ကို သံုးသပ္ၾကည့္လွ်င္ အေလွ်ာ့အတင္းႏွင့္ ကစားေနရသည့္ အျဖစ္ကို ျမင္ရသည္။ ရသည့္ ေအာက္ေျခကို တဆင့္ တိုးၾကည့္မည္၊ 'ထ' ၾကည့္မည္။ သူတို႔အတြက္ လႊတ္ေတာ္ႏွင့္ လႊတ္ေတာ္ေရာက္မွ မီးစင္ၾကည့္ကေရးသည္ ဒုတိယ အစီအစဥ္ ျဖစ္ေနသည္။ ေအာက္မွ အထက္သို႔ ေမွ်ာ္ၾကည့္သည့္ စနစ္ဟု ျမင္ရသည္။ သို႔ေသာ္ ထိုင္ေနအေကာင္းသား ထသြားမွ က်ိဳးမွန္းသိ ျဖစ္မည္လား၊ လႈပ္ၾကည့္မွ ျမဳပ္မည္လား ဆိုသည္က ေစာင့္ၾကည့္ရန္သာ ရွိသည္။
ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲ မဝင္ေရး၊ အထိုင္
မဝင္ေရး အထိုင္တြင္ ျပည္ပေရာက္ ႏိုင္ငံေရး အင္အားစုမ်ား၊ တိုင္းရင္းသား အင္အားစုမ်ား၊ ျပည္ပ မီဒီယာတခ်ိဳ႕တို႔ ပါဝင္သည္။ အမ်ဳိးသား ဒီမုိကေရစီ အဖဲြ႔ခ်ဳပ္ကမူ ဝင္ေရး မဝင္ေရးကို ေရႊဂံုတုိင္ေၾကညာခ်က္ျဖင့္ စည္းသတ္ထားသည္။ လိုက္ေလ်ာလွ်င္ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲဝင္မည္၊ မလိုက္ေလ်ာလွ်င္ မဝင္ဟု လမ္းေၾကာင္းေပးထားျပီး ျဖစ္သည္။ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲ မဝင္ေရး ရပ္တည္သူမ်ား အေနျဖင့္ ၉၀ ျပည့္ႏွစ္ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲရလဒ္ကို ဆုပ္ကိုင္သည္။ ၂၀၀၈ အေျခခံဥပေဒ ျပင္ဆင္ေရးကို ေတာင္းဆိုသူက ေတာင္းဆုိသည္။ ေရႊဂံုတိုင္ ေၾကညာစာတမ္းကို ေထာက္ခံေဆာ္ၾသသူက ေဆာ္ၾသသည္။ ၉၀ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲ ရလဒ္မွ အစခ်ီ၍ စစ္အာဏာပိုင္မ်ား၏ ကတိကဝတ္၊ လုပ္ထံုး လုပ္နည္းမ်ားကို လံုးဝမယံုၾကည္ဟု ျငင္းဆိုသည္။ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲကို လက္မခံေၾကာင္း၊ စစ္အစုိးရက ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲကို ဆက္လုပ္လွ်င္ တုိက္ပြဲ ဆက္ဝင္မည္ဟု ဦးေမာင္ေမာင္က ဦးသုေဝ၊ ေဒါက္တာခင္ေဇာ္ဝင္းတို႔ ေရွ႕ေမွာက္မွာပင္ ေျပာခဲ့သည္။
မဝင္ေရးဘက္မွ သံုးသပ္ရမည္ဆိုလွ်င္ ေလွ်ာ့ရန္လည္း မရွိသလို၊ အေခ်ာ့လည္း မခံဟူေသာ ခံယူခ်က္ကို ထင္ဟပ္ျပသည္။ ဝင္ေရး 'အထ' အဖြဲ႔ႏွင့္ မတူဘဲ အထက္ပိုင္း ေပၚလစီျဖစ္ေသာ ၂၀၀၈ အေျခခံဥပေဒပိုင္းမွ စတင္ ကိုင္တြယ္ ျပင္ဆင္လိုျပီး က်န္ကိစၥက ဒုတိယ အစီအစဥ္ျဖစ္သည္။ အထက္မွ ေအာက္သို႔ တဆင့္ခ်င္း သြားရန္ စဥ္းစားသည့္ စနစ္ ျဖစ္သည္။ ကမာၻ႔မိသားစု အဖြဲ႔အစည္းမ်ားကုိ ဆြယ္တရားေဟာမည္ျဖစ္သည္။ အထိုင္အေနႏွင့္ 'ယိုင္' ဖို႔ မရွိဟု သံုးသပ္ရသည္။
အဓိကအားျဖင့္ ႏွစ္ဘက္စလံုး၏ ဦးတည္ရာ လမ္းေၾကာင္းတုိ႔မွာ ရသေလာက္ စၿပီး ေပၚလစီကို တက္ျပင္ေရး၊ ေပၚလစီ အေပၚပိုင္း ျပင္ျပီးမွ အေသးစိတ္ ဆက္သြားေရး ဟူ၍ ေျပာင္းျပန္ ျဖစ္ေနၾကသည္။ အတြင္းက 'ေဘာင္'ကို ကန္႔သတ္ခ်က္ အေနႏွင့္ လက္ခံျပီး ကစားသည္၊ အျပင္က 'ေဘာင္'ကို ဖ်က္သိမ္းပစ္ေရး အရင္ ေတာင္းဆိုသည္။ တနည္းအားျဖင့္ ဝင္ေရး အပိုင္းက အေပ်ာ့ထည္ သံုးျပီး မဝင္ေရးက အမာထည္ကို ကိုင္စြဲသည္။
တဖက္တြင္ စစ္အစုိးရက ေတြ႔ဆံု ေဆြးေႏြးေရးကို မသိက်ိဳးကြ်ံ ျပဳလ်က္ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ အပါအဝင္ ႏိုင္ငံေရး အက်ဥ္းသားမ်ားကို ဆက္လက္ ထိန္းသိမ္းထားျခင္းျဖင့္ ျပည္တြင္း အတိုက္အခံ အင္အားစုကို ခ်ည့္နဲ႔ေအာင္ လုပ္ထားဆဲ ျဖစ္သည္။ ခါးပိုက္ေဆာင္ျဖစ္ေသာ ျပည္ေထာင္စု ၾကံ့ခိုင္ေရးႏွင့္ ဖြံ႕ျဖိဳးေရး အသင္း ေျခလွမ္း သြက္လာျခင္း၊ စစ္ဝတ္စံု ခြ်တ္ရန္ ျပင္ဆင္ျခင္း၊ ပုဂၢလိကပိုင္ ေခါင္းစဥ္ေအာက္မွ စီးပြားေရး လုပ္ငန္းမ်ားကို လႊဲေျပာင္းယူလာျခင္း စသည့္ မူမမွန္ေသာ ေျခလွမ္းမ်ားကို ေတြ႔ေနရသည္။
အာဏာပုိင္တုိ႔က ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲအတြက္ လံုေလာက္သည့္ ျပင္ဆင္ခြင့္ မေပးေသးျခင္း၊ ပြင့္လင္းျမင္သာမႈ မရွိျခင္းတို႔မွာ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲကို လက္ခံလိုသူ၊ ဝင္လိုသူမ်ားအတြက္ပင္ ထိခိုက္ေစေသာ အခ်က္မ်ားျဖစ္သည္။ ယင္းအခ်က္သည္ပင္ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲကို ဆန္႔က်င္သူမ်ား အဖို႔ ခိုင္မာေသာ အေၾကာင္းျပခ်က္လည္း ျဖစ္လာေစသည္။ ဝင္ခ်င္သူမ်ားအဖို႔ ေသခ်င္သည့္က်ား ေတာေျပာင္း ျဖစ္မည္ေလာ၊ အစဥ္တစိုက္ ဆန္႔က်င္သူမ်ားအဖို႔ေရာ မည္မွ် အထိုင္ ေညာင္းဦးမည္လဲ ဆိုသည္မွာ မၾကာမီ ထြက္ရွိလာမည္ဟုေမွ်ာ္လင့္ရေသာ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲဥပေဒအျပင္ ေရွ႕တလွမ္းတိုးသြားမည့္ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲ ရလဒ္အေပၚ မူတည္ေပသည္။ ။
ITUC Burma Conference 2010 in Tokyo held on 11-12 Feb.
(Tentative)
Statement by the International Trade Union Confederation Conference “Building
Solidarity with Burmese workers, Tokyo”,11-12 February 2010
The 5th international trade union conference on Burma hosted in Tokyo by the
JTUC-RENGO was held in order to prepare for the ITUC’s upcoming Congress in
Vancouver in June 2010, where the future strategy of the international trade union
movement with regards to Burma will be decided.
The Conference was a working session on all the strategic options available to the
international trade union movement ahead of the announced elections in Burma in
2010. The possibility that certain governments may shift their policy towards Burma in
the wake of the elections and the international trade union movement’s policy response
were discussed. In the absence of constitutional change and dialogue, the Conference
affirmed that the elections could not be considered legitimate, It expressed its firm
opposition to the 2008 constitution adopted by the regime, and called for meaningful
dialogue before elections are held.
The Conference reaffirmed the conclusions and the solidarity expressed in 2007 during
the 4th Burma Conference held in Kathmandu and called for a strengthening of the
commitment undertaken in 2007 for the restoration of democracy and to combat the use
of forced labour in Burma. The Conference welcomed the efforts undertaken by
affiliates in the region and globally to raise awareness with their governments about
workers’ rights and democratization in Burma.
Forced labour is still prevalent in Burma despite the ILO Commission of Inquiry in
1998 and people reporting cases of forced labour continue to be persecuted. Even after
the conclusion of the Supplementary Understanding in 2007, giving immunity to
victims and complainants, people have been arrested and too many remain in prison.
The Conference expressed outrage at the continued reprisals against complainants and
against the fact that the present number of detainees were as high as 23.
The Conference welcomed the holding of the first congress of the FTUB in March 2009
and the subsequent affiliation of the Burmese trade union to the ITUC and the
ITUC-AP in 2009. The Conference expressed the urgent need to address more
aggressively the situation with regards to freedom of association in Burma. The
Conference stressed that while it was important to maintain the pressure on the issue
of forced labour it should be considered, how the issue of freedom of association could be
given greater attention, especially within the framework of the ILO. It therefore
proposed tabling a complaint leading to the establishment of an ILO Commission of
Inquiry on freedom of association in Burma.
The discussion happened against the backdrop of an increasing number of strikes in
Burma by discontented workers and growing divisions within the military. In the course
of the Conference, the FTUB received information about a strike by 12000 workers
inside Burma.
The overall strategy within the ILO was discussed in depth, both with regards to forced
labour and freedom of association. The Conference reaffirmed its strong support for the
decisions of the ILO Governing Body and the Conclusions of the 2006 ILC Selection
Committee to pursue a referral to the International Court of Justice.
The strategy with regards to investment in Burma was the subject of serious
discussions. The Conference reaffirmed the commitment towards divestment and to
maintain pressure on all companies operating in Burma as their operations directly or
indirectly serve to prop the illegitimate regime. It was proposed that the different
database and information sources on pension funds and companies investing and/or
operating in Burma be better coordinated to bring more aggressively targeted pressure
to bear.
The Conference concluded that there was a need to aggressively follow-up on the call by
the ILO to Governments, Workers and Employers to take all “appropriate measures to
ensure that the said member cannot take advantage of such relations to perpetuate or
extend the system of forced or compulsory labour referred to by the Commission of
Inquiry… and report back in due course and at appropriate intervals to the Governing
Body” within the framework of its Resolution adopted in 2000.
The Conference reiterated the resolve of the international trade union movement to
support the struggles of our Sisters and Brothers in Burma and their capacity through
the FTUB to carry out their just fight for democracy and workers’ rights. The
Conference agreed a plan of action to strengthen the capacity of the FTUB by providing
support for a reinforcement of its structures. It finally committed to mobilizing support
amongst ITUC affiliates for the funding of an expansion of FTUB’s activities and
training programs.
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